| This article appears in the December 2003 issue of Literacy
Today (issue no. 37). |
It's not often that the director of an organisation has a vision for
it that includes succeeding so well that the purpose for its existence ceases
to be, but that's Neil McClelland's vision for the National Literacy Trust.
Here Neil reflects on what the Trust has achieved in its first 10 years
and how, if it is adequately resourced and focuses its work properly, it
only needs 10 more years to finish the job.
When the Trust was set up 10 years ago, with the ambition of building
a literate nation, literacy was not at the forefront of the political
agenda. Undoubtedly it is today.
When the Trust started gathering information on literacy throughout the
UK in 1993, the scene was remarkable for a range of isolated though often
excellent initiatives. Today, there is much more understanding of the
need to have a coordinated approach if we are to break into those areas
that have been traditionally hard to reach, like the 24 per cent of the
adult population who have difficulty with the literacy skills needed for
everyday life.
So can any of this change be attributed to the Trust? That is for others
to judge, but I do feel that the Trust has made a distinct contribution
to today's changed literacy environment. It initiated pioneering approaches
to community-wide and systemic partnerships for literacy by helping set
up the Newcastle Literacy Collaborative in 1996, a community-wide approach
to achieving sustainable improvements in literacy. This idea has since
been taken up by many areas and I am currently working with Belfast City
to support its city-wide holistic approach.
All the signs are that things are moving in the right direction. The
Government is investing large sums in literacy and there is an increasing
recognition that you can only make so much progress by focusing exclusively
on what happens at school level. To reach the hard to reach we must also
establish more effective school, parent and community partnerships. Such
thinking is, of course, not new but there is now a greater understanding
of the need to see the whole, and the relationships within the systems
that impact on any individual's ability to maximise their opportunities.
Scotland has established a community schools initiative, offering an integrated
service through placing education, social work, health, psychology and
other child professionals all under one roof. Encouragingly, the extended
school approach is developing in England.
The Trust has consistently argued for a more holistic perspective. In
1996, we established Reading Is Fundamental, UK, promoting the fun of
reading and the benefits of having books at home by providing opportunities
for children to choose and keep new books. The National Year of Reading,
born out of the launch of England's National Literacy Strategy in 1998,
was a chance to put some further aspects of this thinking into practice.
Hence our willingness to take on the running of the Year because it combined
two things at the heart of the Trust's vision - that reading for pleasure
must be part of the agenda if you are to build a truly literate nation,
and that you have to look beyond the school to the whole community and
unlock enthusiasm and resources for literacy in every aspect of society.
The National Year of Reading brought all this together - an approach so
popular that it was picked up and developed in different ways throughout
the UK. Its influence has been sustained in a number of sectors - including,
most obviously, the library service.
Many areas that perhaps once would not have seen literacy as their territory
now appreciate how it can contribute to their agenda and how they, in
turn, can contribute to raising literacy standards. Thus 25 different
policy areas, ranging from health, housing, education, Sure Start and
Connexions through to the voluntary sector and the probation service attended
this year's regional meetings on literacy and social inclusion, as part
of a Basic Skills Agency national support project delivered by the Trust.
Literacy can transform people's lives and the economic achievement of
a country. We need to create a vision of what a highly literate nation
can look like and work collaboratively, systematically and persistently
to achieve this goal. The Trust can provide the oil that helps the parts
of the machinery work together effectively by constantly raising issues
about effective ways of working through networking, facilitating and disseminating
good practice; all the things that the Trusts tries to do through its
information website, a one-stop shop for all those interested in literacy,
and its partnership initiatives. There is a role for an independent facilitator
- asking the questions that help others clarify and deliver their objectives
more effectively.
The Trust has always championed a national strategy for literacy: a whole
community approach that starts at the ante natal stage, is inter-generational
and has a community dimension that is flexible enough to respond to local
conditions. It should begin around issues of language and play in a child's
first three years. This is why Bookstart (initiated in 1992 by Booktrust),
the world's first national programme to get books to babies, is so significant.
The centrality of early years linguistic development to later literacy
development lies behind our decision to set up Talk To Your Baby in 2003.
This campaign is aimed at establishing a concerted national drive to raise
the profile of the importance of early language, working through the media
and those many organisations, like the health service and housing associations,
that are central to people's lives. Parents who lack the confidence and
the skills to contribute to their children's language development need
to feel empowered to do so.
Most importantly we need to engage more men in all of this, hence the
Trust's launch in September 2002 of Reading The Game, using our experience
of how to use the influence of football to motivate people to read. All
the power of popular culture will be unlocked to get the message across.
The maxim, 'It takes the whole village to raise a child' underpins the
Trust's approach. If the community is at the heart of sustainable change
in standards of literacy, then organisations have to work in partnership,
focusing their activity not on their own profile but on maximising the
effectiveness of the combined partnership. Real collaborative working
creates a virtuous spiral.
There are no blinding lights on the road to world-class literacy - indeed
such approaches can be counter-productive since they stop us from recognising
the knock-on effects of initiatives in one area on other areas. Such absolute
clarity also stops people from listening and being healthily tentative.
What is needed is a climate where people will listen rather than preach,
where we can hold productive dialogues, and can avoid the advocacy of
views so strongly stated that other views cannot be heard. Everyone involved
needs to know what they're trying to achieve but also recognise that the
routes won't always be clear.
This is not to say that England's National Literacy Strategy was not
needed. It was, and has much to be proud of, but it slightly over-claimed
on what and how fast it could achieve and persisted with a top-down model
for too long. The trouble is you can be so committed to your approach
that you block out the intellectual openness that we need. It's not always
'clear' answers but a way of thinking that will help bring about the most
effective change. For example, the Skills for Life adult basic skills
strategy could be terrifically good if given the space and time to be
so. But it mustn't be overdriven by potentially counter-productive targets.
So why is another 10 years enough? If the Trust is resourced to do its
job properly, in 10 years' time we should have helped create the infrastructural
and cultural changes that can sustain our new higher levels of literacy
more effectively. It's all a question of helping provide the momentum
for a way of working that continues without us - a snowball effect. The
success of this way of working is to strengthen all contributions and
to be self-effacing so as not to pose a threat to others - it's a question
of not worrying about status or empire.
I am hopeful that so much has been built in the first 10 years that it
can act as a springboard to move the broad literacy community forward
for the next 10. This can happen as long as those engaged, while striving
for the very best for all, remain visionary, enthusiastic, open-minded
and non-competitive.
The momentum that is now developing can be built on to deliver world-class
literacy standards. In 10 years time, the Trust could pull out because
we would have helped create the culture that could move forward effectively
without us.
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